Q.29. What is SPOT? Or Explain SPOT ? Is it part of NIM ?
Ans. The SPOT contains the directory structure for an installed /usr file system. It also contains subdirectories for the "root" parts of installed filesets. Since the SPOT contains both usr and root files, software maintenance must be performed on the SPOT in order to update the software that is running on the clients. Such actions must be performed using the NIM cust and maint operations.
Spot is used by the client during NIM install or boot. The following operations are performed to manage the software for diskless and dataless clients:
1. The /usr files are installed in the SPOT. These files are automatically seen by all the clients that mount the SPOT as their /usr file systems.
2. The root files are installed in special subdirectories in the SPOT.
3. After all the filesets have been installed in the SPOT, the root files are copied to the directories of any diskless or dataless clients that have been initialized with the SPOT
AIX Interview Questions
Base Kernel
Question: The system is performing very slowly; you have discovered that this is due to an increasing number of defunct processes are being created. How can you determine the cause?
Answer:
1. Check to see if new defunct processes are being created, owned by the init process, with no processes being deleted at all.
2. If some defunct processes are being cleared out and the overall number of defunct processes is still growing, then this is due to an application creating more defunct processes than the init process can clean out.
3. However, if NO defunct processes owned by init (PID 1) are being cleared out, this points to an incorrect wait entry in the /etc/inittab file. The init process is stuck on this wait entry and will not cycle through the defunct processes until that entry finishes. The solution is to change that “wait” entry to a “once” entry.
Question: You get a message that the system can’t fork any additional processes? What do suspect to be the problem?
Answer: Either paging space is full or maxuproc (maximum number of user processes) is set too low.
Question: You’re running some commands and getting an error that says “srcmstr daemon is not running”. Obviously, it is, because the machine appears to be functional. What is the likely cause?
Answer: Someone has updated some of the base kernel filesets without rebooting the machine.
Question: Describe one situation where it might be appropriate to edit the ODM.
Answer: E.g., need to make parameter changes to a device that is open, and that cannot be modified without closing the device (i.e., a network device), and where the machine can be easily rebooted following the change.
Question: When might the savebase command be used?
Answer: After making manual changes to the CuAt, CuDv, CuDvDr, CuDep, or CuVPD ODM classes (aka the device configuration database), these classes must be saved into the boot image in the boot logical volume. If they are not saved, there is a risk run that the changes won’t be saved at boot. Note that the chdev command (and others) will cause savebase to be run.
Question: How do you properly mirror rootvg to protect the OS from crashing should a disk fail?
Answer:
1. Use the mirrorvg command to mirror the logical volumes
2. Run the bosboot command to reboot the boot image and update the disk boot record on both disks that contain a copy of the boot logical volume.
3. Run the bootlist command to add both disks to the boot list.
4. Mirror all non-rootvg paging spaces as well as those in rootvg.
Dump device?
Paging space?
Question: Why is it important to mirror non-rootvg paging spaces, and what might be the effect if this is not done?
Answer: The OS allocates pages in a round-robin fashion across all paging devices. If a non-rootvg disk containing a paging space fails, the system will likely crash unless it is mirrored. Putting paging spaces on RAID disks is not recommended due to the performance implications.
Question: Provide the steps to move a file system from one volume group to another WITHOUT recreating and restoring it.
Answer:
1. Unmount the file system
2. Use the cplv command to copy the logical volume to the new volume group.
3. Use the chfs command to update the dev and log entries for the file system.
4. Run fsck.
Question: Why is directly editing /etc/filesystems, to change information for a file system, a bad idea?
Answer: The entries from /etc/filesystems are usually stored in the logical volume control block for each logical volume. If you ever had to run importvg for this volume group (i.e., after a reinstall or if using HACMP), the changes would be lost.
Question: The “df” command shows that the file system is 100% full, but “du” shows no files in the file system. Why, and how do you debug this?
Answer: A running process is holding open a file descriptor that references a large amount of space either not saved as a file or references a file that has been deleted. Use “lsof” or “fuser” to track down this process.
Question: What steps should you follow to replace a failed hdisk?
Answer:
1. Remove all allocated logical volumes (if not mirrored) or LV copies (if mirrored).
2. Remove disk from the volume group.
3. Remove disk definition (and pdisk, if it’s an SSA drive mapped 1-to-1)
4. Physically replace disk
5. Run cfgmgr.
6. Add disk to volume group and recreate LVs or LV copies.
Network
Question: Where is the default gateway stored in AIX? Where are other routes stored?
Answer: As ODM entries in the CuAt ODM class.
Performance
Question: A project manager claims that a system is CPU-bound. What commands do you run to verify this, and what sort of output are you looking for?
Answer:
1. Run vmstat and look at the wait, idle, CPU utilization, runq and blockq parameters.
2. A CPU-bound system will exhibit relatively low wait and idle percentages and a high degree of CPU usage.
3. In addition, the runq parameter will average the number of CPUs on the system and the blockq parameter will be, on the average, high.
Question: You have a 32-way Regatta. Why is vmstat not an accurate tool to measure CPU utilization for each processor? Or what is the difference between SAR and vmstat?
Answer: vmstat takes a system average. The SAR command can show the CPU utilization for a particular processor.
Installation Issues
Question: Define under what circumstances two different versions of a product can coexist on the same machine in AIX.
Answer:
1. The names of the filesets for that product are different when stored in the ODM.
2. The product does not store names in the ODM.
Question: What considerations do you need to make when cloning system X to system Y?
Answer: Make sure that all the drivers needed for system Y and its associated hardware are included in the image for system X.
lslpp -w <filename>” to see what fileset provides that command.
lslpp -f <filesetname>” to see what files are installed by that fileset.
AIX Patches and Maintenance
Question: Discuss your strategy for applying and committing maintenance
Answer:
• A prudent administrator will generally apply fixes first if those fixes have never been used before in the environment.
• After an evaluation period, the fixes can be committed.
• Subsequent installations of those fixes on other machines can then be committed.
• If these fixes are related to the base OS, a mksysb should be created first.
Question: Describe the difference between a PTF, and APAR, and a maintenance level.
Answer: An APAR is a specific patch that may update one or more filesets. A PTF is an IBM term for a collection of APARs commonly shipped together as a common fileset update. A maintenance level is a collection of APARs (also generally ordered as an APAR).
Question: What is the difference between applying and committing an APAR?
Answer: Applying it saves the old versions of the files so that you can back off the new version. Committing the APAR removes the old versions.
Question: List some common sites to download freeware tools for AIX?
Answer: aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu
purdue.edu
www.bullfreeware.com
IBM repository of Linux freeware for AIX
List filesets that are below the AIX 4.3.2.0 maintenance level
oslevel -l 4.3.2.0
Which_fileset to identify which fileset needs to be installed
List known AIX maintnenance levels
oslevel -q
3. How to replace physical volume in hacmp? (From sharedvg while online)
First take the backup of that disk and inform to all client, which are login by server.
Use smitty hacmp -> C-SPOC -> HACMP physical volume management -> Add a source disk -> add a destination disk.
4. How will you replace falling disk mirrored rootvg?
• unmirrorvg rootvg diskname
• chpv –c faileddiskname
• reducevg rootvg diskname
• rmdev –dl diskname
• Add new disk and configure using cfgmgr
• extendvg rootvg diskname
• mirrorvg rootvg diskname
• syncvg –v rootvg
• bosboot –ad /dev/diskname
• Set bootlist
5. Difference between AIX5.1 5.2 and 5.3
AIX 5.1
• Jfs2 file system is introduced
• Support both uni and multiprocessor.
AIX 5.2
• DLPAR
• System scalablity
• Jfs2 file system upto 16TB
• DuoD-Dyanamic capacity upgrade on demand
AIX5.3
• Scalable vg introduced
• Support only multiprocessor kernel
• Variable Logical Track Group size
• Shrink file system support
• Dump procedure is enhanced to use nvram to store minimal dump info.
6. What is the stanza of lsvg –l rootvg?
Lvname, type, lp, pp, pv, lvstate, mount point
7. What is the procedure to configure LPAR?
Typically all partition creation and management is performed through the H/W(HMC). The CLI is an advanced option and still requires and HMC.
TASK No Description Comment.
Start the partition wizard
Partion name ID and type
Workload management participation
Partition profile name
Partition profile memory values
Partition profile processor value
Partition profile interactive value (if available)
Allocation of physical I/O resources
Allocation of virtual I/O resources.
8. What is the stanza of /etc/security/login.cfg?
It contained parameter related login info like max time login, login delay, logindiabled etc.
9.
10. What is /etc/security/limit?
It contained resource limit a user can use. Resources like no of CPU, amount of RAM, size of file etc.
11. What are the major problems you are attended I your setup?
Generally I faced file system full, performace problem, booting problem, and network problem, disk failure, Ethernet adapter failure, memory problem, and loose connection of cables.
12. If the user login, the system is very slow, what steps you will follow?
Entry is available in /etc/noloign for that user, root should remove this entry then only user can login.
13. What is the snap and its. Output directory?
Snap is used to format dump o/p and send to IBM. /tmp/ibmsupt/genral
14. In production environment what is the procedure to down the application?
Inform team leader and IT head and take permission. Inform all users to logout, who is login.
We used in commercial tax
First shutdown report server by stopping service
Second shutdown application server by stopping service.
Then shutdown oracle database server then if necessary power of all machine.
15. umask value for security references?
027
16. How to change the PP size, which already exists VG? Is it possible? Tell the procedure?
Change pp size by opening vi /image.data
Create mksysb using I option
Then restore mksysb
17. If user complaint that the system is very slow, what step you will follow?
Check where the system resources is overloaded by performance tool.
Kill that process, which are using more resources with the consultation with team leader & IT head. And inform all the users who is login?
What are the function VIO servers?
Ans: - VIO is special purpose partition that provides Virtual I/O resources to lpar (client) partitions. The VIO server owns the real resources that are shared with other clients. With VIO technology, you can assign a physical adapter to a partition to be shared by one or more lpar, enabling clients the minimize their number of physical adapter, you can use VIO server to reduce costs by eliminating the requirement that each lpar has a dedicate network adapter, disk drive.
To ensure stable performance, it is preferable to use the VIO server in a partition with dedicated resources.
NIM setup
1. NIM Initialization:
nimconfig –a pif_name=en0 –a cable_type=tp –a netname=dcm –a platform=rspc
2. LPP source:
a. Nim –o define –t lpp_source –a location=/nim/lppsource –a source=/dev/cd0 –a server=master spot_aix51 ( for creating object spot)
SPOT:
nim –o define –t spot –a location=/nim/spot –a source=/dev/cd0 –a server=master lpp_sourceaix5 ( for creating object lpp_source)
Machine Definition:
Use nimdef command – for that first creates a defination file
Nimdef –p –f cws.def (for preview of machine definition)
Nimdef –d –f cws.def (for adding of machine definition)
niminit (to initialize client)
nimclient (to manage nim operation)
format of machine file
cws:
machine_type = standalone
Subnet_mask = 255.255.255.0
Gateway = 0
Platform = rspc
network_type = ent
cable_type = tp
comment = “ this is cws machine”
RAJEEV SHARMA
Q1-What are all file systems type in AIX?
A.jfs ,jfs2 ,nfs ,cdrfs
Q2- what is the output of Who command?
A. username pts date ip etc
Q3.How to check how many systems are running in the network?
A.who
Q4.How to check on what operating systems you are working?
A.uname
Q5.How to check the model of hardware box?
A. prtconf
Q6How to check AIX version?
A. oslevel
Q7.What is the significance of 5.1.0.0 ?
A. version,release,modification,fix
Q8.How to see the maintenance level ?
A. oslevel -r
Q9.what is lpp ?
A. licensed program product
Q10.How to install software on AIX?
A. smit install
Q11.What all you can do thru SMIT ?
A. lot of activities like making volume group,logical volume,creating filesystems ,installing softwares
Q12.How to check paging space ?
A. lsps -a
Q13.How to create a file system?
A.refer CSC quest
Q14.How u will connect raw hard disk ?
A.1)connect it physically to the system,2)run cfgmgr 3)add it to volume group
Q15.After running cfgmgr,how to check, which HDD is added?
A. using lspv command
Q16What is the output of lspv ?
A. hdisk pvid vg name
Q17.while adding a new HDD to AIX it shows that it is a part of another VG,how to fix this problem?
A.1)clear pvid (using chdev -l hdiskn -a pv=clear) of the hard disk 2)now use chdev -l hdiskn -a pv=yes
Q18.how to create LV ?
A. mklv -y testlv -t jfs rootvg 20 hdisk0
Q19.How to create LV command line?
A.mklv -y testlv -t jfs rootvg 20 hdisk0
Q.20how to find PP size?
A.lsvg vgname (the o/p of this command gives detail of vg including ppsize)
Q21.What is Stale PP?
A.unsynchronised pps are stale pps
Q26.how to check routing table?
A netstat -r
Q27. what is the output of mount command?
A.it shows mounted file systems only
Q28.what is there in etc/filesystem ?
A.it contains filesystems stanzas (details like filesystem type, log location, mountpoint details,permissions etc)
30.How to edit crontab ?
A.crontab -e
Q31. What is at ?
A. used to schedule a job once only
Q32.how u will check whether AT executed ?
A.ps -ef
Q33.how to install fix?
A.instfix -k fixname -d /dev/rmt0
Q34. how to change the file system size ?
A.refer CSC quest
Q35.How to take rootvg VG Backup ?
A.mksysb
Q36. what is savevg ?
A command to take backup of vgs other than rootvg
Q37.how to see the location of RG in HACMP ?
A. ./clstat
Q38.what is log file in HACMP?
A. /tmp/hacmp.out
Q39 how to check HACMP is running ?
A. lssrc -g cluster
Q40What is inittab ? what is there in first two line of innittab?
A.file used for intialization of system. First two lines contain init process and run level
Q41.What is init 0?
A.used to shutdown system
Q43.how u will check running processes ?
A.ps -eaf
Q44. what is the output of ps -ef ?
A.pid ,ppid,time etc.
Q45. How to monitor system performance. What is sar ?
A. using sar,vmstat,iostat . Sar is used for seeing CPU performance.
Arvind Kumar
Q1.How to check Usage on a particular file system ?
A.fuser -u /etc/filesystems
Q2.How to check the model of hardware box?
A.lscfg -vp
Q3.what is the output of who command ?
A username pts time ip
Q4.what is PV ?
A.physical volume
Q5.How to check PVs in a volume group ?
A lsvg -p vgname
Q6.what are PP ?
A physical partition
Q7. What is the Min. & maximum size of PP?
A min 1mb and max 1024mb
Q8How to create a file system?
A refer CSC quest
Q9.How to add a new HDD ?
A extendvg vgname pvname
Q10.How to change password of user ?
A passwd username
Q11. what is the location of password file ?
A /etc/security/passwd
Q12.which file is updated after changing user password?
A. /etc/security/passwd
Ans. The SPOT contains the directory structure for an installed /usr file system. It also contains subdirectories for the "root" parts of installed filesets. Since the SPOT contains both usr and root files, software maintenance must be performed on the SPOT in order to update the software that is running on the clients. Such actions must be performed using the NIM cust and maint operations.
Spot is used by the client during NIM install or boot. The following operations are performed to manage the software for diskless and dataless clients:
1. The /usr files are installed in the SPOT. These files are automatically seen by all the clients that mount the SPOT as their /usr file systems.
2. The root files are installed in special subdirectories in the SPOT.
3. After all the filesets have been installed in the SPOT, the root files are copied to the directories of any diskless or dataless clients that have been initialized with the SPOT
AIX Interview Questions
Base Kernel
Question: The system is performing very slowly; you have discovered that this is due to an increasing number of defunct processes are being created. How can you determine the cause?
Answer:
1. Check to see if new defunct processes are being created, owned by the init process, with no processes being deleted at all.
2. If some defunct processes are being cleared out and the overall number of defunct processes is still growing, then this is due to an application creating more defunct processes than the init process can clean out.
3. However, if NO defunct processes owned by init (PID 1) are being cleared out, this points to an incorrect wait entry in the /etc/inittab file. The init process is stuck on this wait entry and will not cycle through the defunct processes until that entry finishes. The solution is to change that “wait” entry to a “once” entry.
Question: You get a message that the system can’t fork any additional processes? What do suspect to be the problem?
Answer: Either paging space is full or maxuproc (maximum number of user processes) is set too low.
Question: You’re running some commands and getting an error that says “srcmstr daemon is not running”. Obviously, it is, because the machine appears to be functional. What is the likely cause?
Answer: Someone has updated some of the base kernel filesets without rebooting the machine.
Question: Describe one situation where it might be appropriate to edit the ODM.
Answer: E.g., need to make parameter changes to a device that is open, and that cannot be modified without closing the device (i.e., a network device), and where the machine can be easily rebooted following the change.
Question: When might the savebase command be used?
Answer: After making manual changes to the CuAt, CuDv, CuDvDr, CuDep, or CuVPD ODM classes (aka the device configuration database), these classes must be saved into the boot image in the boot logical volume. If they are not saved, there is a risk run that the changes won’t be saved at boot. Note that the chdev command (and others) will cause savebase to be run.
Question: How do you properly mirror rootvg to protect the OS from crashing should a disk fail?
Answer:
1. Use the mirrorvg command to mirror the logical volumes
2. Run the bosboot command to reboot the boot image and update the disk boot record on both disks that contain a copy of the boot logical volume.
3. Run the bootlist command to add both disks to the boot list.
4. Mirror all non-rootvg paging spaces as well as those in rootvg.
Dump device?
Paging space?
Question: Why is it important to mirror non-rootvg paging spaces, and what might be the effect if this is not done?
Answer: The OS allocates pages in a round-robin fashion across all paging devices. If a non-rootvg disk containing a paging space fails, the system will likely crash unless it is mirrored. Putting paging spaces on RAID disks is not recommended due to the performance implications.
Question: Provide the steps to move a file system from one volume group to another WITHOUT recreating and restoring it.
Answer:
1. Unmount the file system
2. Use the cplv command to copy the logical volume to the new volume group.
3. Use the chfs command to update the dev and log entries for the file system.
4. Run fsck.
Question: Why is directly editing /etc/filesystems, to change information for a file system, a bad idea?
Answer: The entries from /etc/filesystems are usually stored in the logical volume control block for each logical volume. If you ever had to run importvg for this volume group (i.e., after a reinstall or if using HACMP), the changes would be lost.
Question: The “df” command shows that the file system is 100% full, but “du” shows no files in the file system. Why, and how do you debug this?
Answer: A running process is holding open a file descriptor that references a large amount of space either not saved as a file or references a file that has been deleted. Use “lsof” or “fuser” to track down this process.
Question: What steps should you follow to replace a failed hdisk?
Answer:
1. Remove all allocated logical volumes (if not mirrored) or LV copies (if mirrored).
2. Remove disk from the volume group.
3. Remove disk definition (and pdisk, if it’s an SSA drive mapped 1-to-1)
4. Physically replace disk
5. Run cfgmgr.
6. Add disk to volume group and recreate LVs or LV copies.
Network
Question: Where is the default gateway stored in AIX? Where are other routes stored?
Answer: As ODM entries in the CuAt ODM class.
Performance
Question: A project manager claims that a system is CPU-bound. What commands do you run to verify this, and what sort of output are you looking for?
Answer:
1. Run vmstat and look at the wait, idle, CPU utilization, runq and blockq parameters.
2. A CPU-bound system will exhibit relatively low wait and idle percentages and a high degree of CPU usage.
3. In addition, the runq parameter will average the number of CPUs on the system and the blockq parameter will be, on the average, high.
Question: You have a 32-way Regatta. Why is vmstat not an accurate tool to measure CPU utilization for each processor? Or what is the difference between SAR and vmstat?
Answer: vmstat takes a system average. The SAR command can show the CPU utilization for a particular processor.
Installation Issues
Question: Define under what circumstances two different versions of a product can coexist on the same machine in AIX.
Answer:
1. The names of the filesets for that product are different when stored in the ODM.
2. The product does not store names in the ODM.
Question: What considerations do you need to make when cloning system X to system Y?
Answer: Make sure that all the drivers needed for system Y and its associated hardware are included in the image for system X.
lslpp -w <filename>” to see what fileset provides that command.
lslpp -f <filesetname>” to see what files are installed by that fileset.
AIX Patches and Maintenance
Question: Discuss your strategy for applying and committing maintenance
Answer:
• A prudent administrator will generally apply fixes first if those fixes have never been used before in the environment.
• After an evaluation period, the fixes can be committed.
• Subsequent installations of those fixes on other machines can then be committed.
• If these fixes are related to the base OS, a mksysb should be created first.
Question: Describe the difference between a PTF, and APAR, and a maintenance level.
Answer: An APAR is a specific patch that may update one or more filesets. A PTF is an IBM term for a collection of APARs commonly shipped together as a common fileset update. A maintenance level is a collection of APARs (also generally ordered as an APAR).
Question: What is the difference between applying and committing an APAR?
Answer: Applying it saves the old versions of the files so that you can back off the new version. Committing the APAR removes the old versions.
Question: List some common sites to download freeware tools for AIX?
Answer: aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu
purdue.edu
www.bullfreeware.com
IBM repository of Linux freeware for AIX
List filesets that are below the AIX 4.3.2.0 maintenance level
oslevel -l 4.3.2.0
Which_fileset to identify which fileset needs to be installed
List known AIX maintnenance levels
oslevel -q
3. How to replace physical volume in hacmp? (From sharedvg while online)
First take the backup of that disk and inform to all client, which are login by server.
Use smitty hacmp -> C-SPOC -> HACMP physical volume management -> Add a source disk -> add a destination disk.
4. How will you replace falling disk mirrored rootvg?
• unmirrorvg rootvg diskname
• chpv –c faileddiskname
• reducevg rootvg diskname
• rmdev –dl diskname
• Add new disk and configure using cfgmgr
• extendvg rootvg diskname
• mirrorvg rootvg diskname
• syncvg –v rootvg
• bosboot –ad /dev/diskname
• Set bootlist
5. Difference between AIX5.1 5.2 and 5.3
AIX 5.1
• Jfs2 file system is introduced
• Support both uni and multiprocessor.
AIX 5.2
• DLPAR
• System scalablity
• Jfs2 file system upto 16TB
• DuoD-Dyanamic capacity upgrade on demand
AIX5.3
• Scalable vg introduced
• Support only multiprocessor kernel
• Variable Logical Track Group size
• Shrink file system support
• Dump procedure is enhanced to use nvram to store minimal dump info.
6. What is the stanza of lsvg –l rootvg?
Lvname, type, lp, pp, pv, lvstate, mount point
7. What is the procedure to configure LPAR?
Typically all partition creation and management is performed through the H/W(HMC). The CLI is an advanced option and still requires and HMC.
TASK No Description Comment.
Start the partition wizard
Partion name ID and type
Workload management participation
Partition profile name
Partition profile memory values
Partition profile processor value
Partition profile interactive value (if available)
Allocation of physical I/O resources
Allocation of virtual I/O resources.
8. What is the stanza of /etc/security/login.cfg?
It contained parameter related login info like max time login, login delay, logindiabled etc.
9.
10. What is /etc/security/limit?
It contained resource limit a user can use. Resources like no of CPU, amount of RAM, size of file etc.
11. What are the major problems you are attended I your setup?
Generally I faced file system full, performace problem, booting problem, and network problem, disk failure, Ethernet adapter failure, memory problem, and loose connection of cables.
12. If the user login, the system is very slow, what steps you will follow?
Entry is available in /etc/noloign for that user, root should remove this entry then only user can login.
13. What is the snap and its. Output directory?
Snap is used to format dump o/p and send to IBM. /tmp/ibmsupt/genral
14. In production environment what is the procedure to down the application?
Inform team leader and IT head and take permission. Inform all users to logout, who is login.
We used in commercial tax
First shutdown report server by stopping service
Second shutdown application server by stopping service.
Then shutdown oracle database server then if necessary power of all machine.
15. umask value for security references?
027
16. How to change the PP size, which already exists VG? Is it possible? Tell the procedure?
Change pp size by opening vi /image.data
Create mksysb using I option
Then restore mksysb
17. If user complaint that the system is very slow, what step you will follow?
Check where the system resources is overloaded by performance tool.
Kill that process, which are using more resources with the consultation with team leader & IT head. And inform all the users who is login?
What are the function VIO servers?
Ans: - VIO is special purpose partition that provides Virtual I/O resources to lpar (client) partitions. The VIO server owns the real resources that are shared with other clients. With VIO technology, you can assign a physical adapter to a partition to be shared by one or more lpar, enabling clients the minimize their number of physical adapter, you can use VIO server to reduce costs by eliminating the requirement that each lpar has a dedicate network adapter, disk drive.
To ensure stable performance, it is preferable to use the VIO server in a partition with dedicated resources.
NIM setup
1. NIM Initialization:
nimconfig –a pif_name=en0 –a cable_type=tp –a netname=dcm –a platform=rspc
2. LPP source:
a. Nim –o define –t lpp_source –a location=/nim/lppsource –a source=/dev/cd0 –a server=master spot_aix51 ( for creating object spot)
SPOT:
nim –o define –t spot –a location=/nim/spot –a source=/dev/cd0 –a server=master lpp_sourceaix5 ( for creating object lpp_source)
Machine Definition:
Use nimdef command – for that first creates a defination file
Nimdef –p –f cws.def (for preview of machine definition)
Nimdef –d –f cws.def (for adding of machine definition)
niminit (to initialize client)
nimclient (to manage nim operation)
format of machine file
cws:
machine_type = standalone
Subnet_mask = 255.255.255.0
Gateway = 0
Platform = rspc
network_type = ent
cable_type = tp
comment = “ this is cws machine”
RAJEEV SHARMA
Q1-What are all file systems type in AIX?
A.jfs ,jfs2 ,nfs ,cdrfs
Q2- what is the output of Who command?
A. username pts date ip etc
Q3.How to check how many systems are running in the network?
A.who
Q4.How to check on what operating systems you are working?
A.uname
Q5.How to check the model of hardware box?
A. prtconf
Q6How to check AIX version?
A. oslevel
Q7.What is the significance of 5.1.0.0 ?
A. version,release,modification,fix
Q8.How to see the maintenance level ?
A. oslevel -r
Q9.what is lpp ?
A. licensed program product
Q10.How to install software on AIX?
A. smit install
Q11.What all you can do thru SMIT ?
A. lot of activities like making volume group,logical volume,creating filesystems ,installing softwares
Q12.How to check paging space ?
A. lsps -a
Q13.How to create a file system?
A.refer CSC quest
Q14.How u will connect raw hard disk ?
A.1)connect it physically to the system,2)run cfgmgr 3)add it to volume group
Q15.After running cfgmgr,how to check, which HDD is added?
A. using lspv command
Q16What is the output of lspv ?
A. hdisk pvid vg name
Q17.while adding a new HDD to AIX it shows that it is a part of another VG,how to fix this problem?
A.1)clear pvid (using chdev -l hdiskn -a pv=clear) of the hard disk 2)now use chdev -l hdiskn -a pv=yes
Q18.how to create LV ?
A. mklv -y testlv -t jfs rootvg 20 hdisk0
Q19.How to create LV command line?
A.mklv -y testlv -t jfs rootvg 20 hdisk0
Q.20how to find PP size?
A.lsvg vgname (the o/p of this command gives detail of vg including ppsize)
Q21.What is Stale PP?
A.unsynchronised pps are stale pps
Q26.how to check routing table?
A netstat -r
Q27. what is the output of mount command?
A.it shows mounted file systems only
Q28.what is there in etc/filesystem ?
A.it contains filesystems stanzas (details like filesystem type, log location, mountpoint details,permissions etc)
30.How to edit crontab ?
A.crontab -e
Q31. What is at ?
A. used to schedule a job once only
Q32.how u will check whether AT executed ?
A.ps -ef
Q33.how to install fix?
A.instfix -k fixname -d /dev/rmt0
Q34. how to change the file system size ?
A.refer CSC quest
Q35.How to take rootvg VG Backup ?
A.mksysb
Q36. what is savevg ?
A command to take backup of vgs other than rootvg
Q37.how to see the location of RG in HACMP ?
A. ./clstat
Q38.what is log file in HACMP?
A. /tmp/hacmp.out
Q39 how to check HACMP is running ?
A. lssrc -g cluster
Q40What is inittab ? what is there in first two line of innittab?
A.file used for intialization of system. First two lines contain init process and run level
Q41.What is init 0?
A.used to shutdown system
Q43.how u will check running processes ?
A.ps -eaf
Q44. what is the output of ps -ef ?
A.pid ,ppid,time etc.
Q45. How to monitor system performance. What is sar ?
A. using sar,vmstat,iostat . Sar is used for seeing CPU performance.
Arvind Kumar
Q1.How to check Usage on a particular file system ?
A.fuser -u /etc/filesystems
Q2.How to check the model of hardware box?
A.lscfg -vp
Q3.what is the output of who command ?
A username pts time ip
Q4.what is PV ?
A.physical volume
Q5.How to check PVs in a volume group ?
A lsvg -p vgname
Q6.what are PP ?
A physical partition
Q7. What is the Min. & maximum size of PP?
A min 1mb and max 1024mb
Q8How to create a file system?
A refer CSC quest
Q9.How to add a new HDD ?
A extendvg vgname pvname
Q10.How to change password of user ?
A passwd username
Q11. what is the location of password file ?
A /etc/security/passwd
Q12.which file is updated after changing user password?
A. /etc/security/passwd
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